Abul-Khoudoud, O. (2006). Diagnosis and risk assessment of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. Journal of Endovascular Therapy, 13(2_suppl), II-10-II-18.
Black, J. M., & Hawks, J. H. (2005). Medical-surgical nursing: Clinical management for positive outcomes. New York: Elsevier Saunders.
Boswell, C., & Cannon, S. (2011). Introduction to nursing research: Incorporating evidence-based practice (2nd ed.). Ontario: Jones and Barttett Publishers.
Boyer, K. (2011). Encyclopedia of global health. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI). https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412963855.n825
Brener, T., & Doyle, R. M. (2007). Nursing 2007 drug dandbook (27th ed.). Chicago: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Brevetti, G., Piscione, F., Silvestro, A., Galasso, G., Di Donato, A., Oliva, G., . . . Chiariello, M. (2003). Increased inflammatory status and higher prevalence of three-vessel coronary artery disease in patients with concomitant coronary and peripheral atherosclerosis. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 89(06), 1058-1063. https://doi.org/10.1055/ s-0037-1613408
Department of Health. (2013). The 2013 Philippine health statistics. Philippines: Epidemiology Bureau, Department of Health.
Diehm, C., Schuster, A., Allenberg, J. R., Darius, H., Haberl, R., Lange, S., . . . Trampisch, H.-J. (2004). High prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and co-morbidity in 6880 primary care patients: Cross-sectional study. Atherosclerosis, 172(1), 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/ s0021-9150(03)00204-1
Fischbach, F. T. (2004). A manual of laboratory & diagnostic tests (7th ed.). New York: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Franklin, S. S., Khan, S. A., Wong, N. D., Larson, M. G., & Levy, D. (1999). Is pulse pressure useful in predicting risk for coronary heart disease? The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation, 100(4), 354-360. https://doi.org/10. 1161/01.cir.100.4.354
Garcia, L. A. (2006). Epidemiology and pathophysiology of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease. Journal of Endovascular Therapy, 13(2_suppl), II-3-II-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/15266028060130s104
Grodner, M., Long, S., & DeYoung, S. (2004). Foundations and clinical applications of nutrition: A nursing approach (3rd ed.). New York: Mosby.
Hasimu, B., Li, J., Nakayama, T., Yu, J., Yang, J., Li, X., & Hu, D. (2006). Ankle brachial index as a marker of atherosclerosis in Chinese patients with high cardiovascular risk. Hypertension Research, 29(1), 23.
Heuther, S. E., & McCance, K. L. (2000). Understanding pathophysiology. New York: Mosby, Incorporated.
Hilleman, D. E. (1998). Management of peripheral arterial disease. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 55(19 Suppl 1), S21-27. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp /55.suppl_1.S21
Kasper, D. L., Jameson, J. L., Braunwald, E., Fauci, A. S., Hauser, S. L., & Longo, D. L. (2004). Harrison's principles of internal medicine (16th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Kennedy, M., Solomon, C., Manolio, T. A., Criqui, M. H., Newman, A. B., Polak, J. F., . . . Cushman, M. (2005). Risk factors for declining ankle-brachial index in men and women 65 years or older: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 165(16), 1896-1902. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.165.16.1896
Kozier, B. (2004). Fundamentals of nursing: concepts, process and practice (7th ed.). Chicago: Pearson Education.
Kweon, S.-S., Shin, M.-H., Park, K.-S., Nam, H.-S., Jeong, S.-K., Ryu, S.-Y., . . . Choi, J.-S. (2005). Distribution of the ankle-brachial index and associated cardiovascular risk factors in a population of middle-aged and elderly Koreans. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 20(3), 373-378.
Lamina, C., Meisinger, C., Heid, I., Rantner, B., Döring, A., Löwel, H., . . . Kronenberg, F. (2005). Ankle-brachial index and peripheral arterial disease. Das Gesundheitswesen, 67(S 01), 57-61. https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-2005-858244
Lu, J. T., & Creager, M. A. (2004). The relationship of cigarette smoking to peripheral arterial disease. Progress in Biochemistry and Biophysics, 31(11), 189-193.
Meijer, W. T., Hoes, A. W., Rutgers, D., Bots, M. L., Hofman, A., & Grobbee, D. E. (1998). Peripheral arterial disease in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 18(2), 185-192. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.atv.18.2.185
Mendis, S., Puska, P., & Norrving, B. (2011). Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Murabito, J. M., Evans, J. C., Larson, M. G., Nieto, K., Levy, D., & Wilson, P. W. (2003). The ankle-brachial index in the elderly and risk of stroke, coronary disease, and death: the Framingham Study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 163(16), 1939-1942. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.163. 16.1939
Norman, P. E., Eikelboom, J. W., & Hankey, G. J. (2004). Peripheral arterial disease: Prognostic significance and prevention of atherothrombotic complications. Medical Journal of Australia, 181(3), 150-154. https://doi.org/10. 5694/j.1326-5377.2004.tb06206
Papamichael, C. M., Lekakis, J. P., Stamatelopoulos, K. S., Papaioannou, T. G., Alevizaki, M. K., Cimponeriu, A. T., . . . Stamatelopoulos, S. F. (2000). Ankle-brachial index as a predictor of the extent of coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. The American Journal of Cardiology, 86(6), 615-618.
Resnick, H. E., Lindsay, R. S., McDermott, M. M., Devereux, R. B., Jones, K. L., Fabsitz, R. R., & Howard, B. V. (2004). Relationship of high and low ankle brachial index to all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality: The Strong Heart Study. Circulation, 109(6), 733-739.
Sesso, H. D., Stampfer, M. J., Rosner, B., Hennekens, C. H., Gaziano, J. M., Manson, J. E., & Glynn, R. J. (2000). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and mean arterial pressure as predictors of cardiovascular disease risk in men. Hypertension, 36(5), 801-807.
Smeltzer, S. C., Brenda, B. G., Janice, H. L., & Kerry, C. H. (2010). Brunner and Suddarth’s textbook of medical-surgical nursing (12th ed.). New York: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
Southern California Heart Specialists. (2010). Peripheral artery disease patient questionnaire Retrieved from http://socalheart.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/10122 2_Patient_Peripheral_Questionaire.pdf
Sukhija, R., Aronow, W. S., Yalamanchili, K., Peterson, S. J., Frishman, W. H., & Babu, S. (2005). Association of ankle-brachial index with severity of angiographic coronary artery disease in patients with peripheral arterial disease and coronary artery disease. Cardiology, 103(3), 158-160.
Wild, S. H., Byrne, C. D., Smith, F. B., Lee, A. J., & Fowkes, F. G. R. (2006). Low ankle-brachial pressure index predicts increased risk of cardiovascular disease independent of the metabolic syndrome and conventional cardiovascular risk factors in the Edinburgh Artery Study. Diabetes Care, 29(3), 637-642.